Flow Rates and Flow Splitting

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Flow Rates and Flow Splitting

Flow rates used in conventional LC separations using non-mass spectrometric detectors may not be compatible with LC-MS systems depending upon the eluent system and the atmospheric pressure ionization (API) interface type used. This module discusses how flow rates can be altered, or flow splitting can be used, to allow the successful coupling of HPLC and MS detection.

Topics include:

Interface similarities
The ESI interface
The APCI interface
Flow rates for APCI
Flow rates for ESI
Flow rates for pneumatically assisted ESI
Micro and nanoflow ESI
Flow rate incompatibility - reasons
Flow rate incompatibility - solutions
Flow splitting - overview
Flow splitting - adjustable flow splitters
Flow splitting - practicalities
MS detector
Columns - internal diameter
Columns - low flow rates
Capillary LC systems - overview
Capillary LC systems - practicalities
Column selection

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